History And Mythology Of Flowers

History And Mythology Of Flowers

With the beauty of flowers and the variety of colors, shapes and fragrances, flowers attract people from ancient times and are constantly present in their lifestyle, customs and beliefs. Cultivation and use of flowers is a response to the desire of man to recreate the beauty of nature and to keep it closer to itself. For many people, flowers and the giving of flowers are loaded with a lot of symbolism. Various meanings are given not only to the individual flowers but also to the different colors (for example, rose, poppy, lilac, carnation etc.).

One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World was the Hanging Gardens of Semiramis. According to the Bible, the paradise garden was the first place where people lived before committing the original sin. In the pantheons of many mythologies there are deities of flowers, plants and spring. In ancient Greek mythology, it is chlorida (Chloris), whose equivalent in Roman mythology is Flora. Its name is synonymous with the kingdom of plants “flora and fauna”. The Aztecs worship Xochipilli, whose name of Nahuatl means “Prince of Flowers” or “Child of Flowers” and his twin sister, Xochiquetzal, “beautiful as a flower”.

Flowers have raised the people of Ancient Egypt and China, Ancient India, Japan, Greece and Persia. In China 3000 years before the new era massive roses and chrysanthemums were grown, being used not only for decoration but also for culinary purposes. In Ancient India, parks and private gardens were a place of rest and recovery, referred to in the Mahabharata, Kamasutra, garuda purana, in the poems of Calidas. Ancient Japan has created two flower-related arts – the cultivation of tiny bonsai trees, and Ikebana – the art of exquisite floral arrangements. Ancient Greek roof gardens of potted flowers are also known, connected with the cult of God Adonis.

In the European royal courts during the Middle Ages, and especially during and after the Great Geographical Discoveries, many exotic flowers and plants were brought and grown. The beginning of the 17th century marks the rise of horticultural art and floriculture, the greenhouses appear. Flower production is becoming an economic branch when it starts to widen the household and increases its demand. This industry occupies an important place in the economies of countries such as Belgium, France and the Netherlands, where today is the largest flower exchange in the world. Separate productions of seeds, bulbs, seedlings, as well as materials, vessels and tools are identified. Floriculture today is a popular hobby and is published a lot of specialized literature for growing flowers in the home.

Flowers have always accompanied the holidays, ceremonies and customs of people from all over the world. Flowers of festivals such as Women’s Day, Birthdays, Weddings, Births and Baptisms are invariably given. Flowers are also an element of the mourning rituals, celebrations of anniversaries, military ceremonies, artistic benefactors. There are also celebrations and carnivals dedicated exclusively to flowers, such as the Carnival of Flowers in Nice, dating from 1876, when a “battle” of flowers was organized, then replaced by the practice of exchanging bouquets.

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